refactor: lightweight Package.from_archive method

docs/ahriman.models.rst

@@ -172,6 +172,14 @@ ahriman.models.packagers module
    :no-undoc-members:
    :show-inheritance:
 
+ahriman.models.pacman\_handle module
+------------------------------------
+
+.. automodule:: ahriman.models.pacman_handle
+   :members:
+   :no-undoc-members:
+   :show-inheritance:
+
 ahriman.models.pacman\_synchronization module
 ---------------------------------------------
 

src/ahriman/core/alpm/pacman.py

@@ -24,13 +24,14 @@ import tarfile
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator
 from functools import cached_property
 from pathlib import Path
-from pyalpm import DB, Handle, Package, SIG_DATABASE_OPTIONAL, SIG_PACKAGE_OPTIONAL  # type: ignore[import-not-found]
+from pyalpm import DB, Package, SIG_DATABASE_OPTIONAL, SIG_PACKAGE_OPTIONAL  # type: ignore[import-not-found]
 from string import Template
 
 from ahriman.core.alpm.pacman_database import PacmanDatabase
 from ahriman.core.configuration import Configuration
 from ahriman.core.log import LazyLogging
 from ahriman.core.utils import trim_package
+from ahriman.models.pacman_handle import PacmanHandle
 from ahriman.models.pacman_synchronization import PacmanSynchronization
 from ahriman.models.repository_id import RepositoryId
 
@@ -61,16 +62,16 @@ class Pacman(LazyLogging):
         self.refresh_database = refresh_database
 
     @cached_property
-    def handle(self) -> Handle:
+    def handle(self) -> PacmanHandle:
         """
         pyalpm handle
 
         Returns:
-            Handle: generated pyalpm handle instance
+            PacmanHandle: generated pyalpm handle instance
         """
         return self.__create_handle(refresh_database=self.refresh_database)
 
-    def __create_handle(self, *, refresh_database: PacmanSynchronization) -> Handle:
+    def __create_handle(self, *, refresh_database: PacmanSynchronization) -> PacmanHandle:
         """
         create lazy handle function
 
@@ -78,14 +79,14 @@ class Pacman(LazyLogging):
             refresh_database(PacmanSynchronization): synchronize local cache to remote
 
         Returns:
-            Handle: fully initialized pacman handle
+            PacmanHandle: fully initialized pacman handle
         """
         pacman_root = self.configuration.getpath("alpm", "database")
         use_ahriman_cache = self.configuration.getboolean("alpm", "use_ahriman_cache")
 
         database_path = self.repository_paths.pacman if use_ahriman_cache else pacman_root
         root = self.configuration.getpath("alpm", "root")
-        handle = Handle(str(root), str(database_path))
+        handle = PacmanHandle(str(root), str(database_path))
 
         for repository in self.configuration.getlist("alpm", "repositories"):
             database = self.database_init(handle, repository, self.repository_id.architecture)
@@ -99,12 +100,12 @@ class Pacman(LazyLogging):
 
         return handle
 
-    def database_copy(self, handle: Handle, database: DB, pacman_root: Path, *, use_ahriman_cache: bool) -> None:
+    def database_copy(self, handle: PacmanHandle, database: DB, pacman_root: Path, *, use_ahriman_cache: bool) -> None:
         """
         copy database from the operating system root to the ahriman local home
 
         Args:
-            handle(Handle): pacman handle which will be used for database copying
+            handle(PacmanHandle): pacman handle which will be used for database copying
             database(DB): pacman database instance to be copied
             pacman_root(Path): operating system pacman root
             use_ahriman_cache(bool): use local ahriman cache instead of system one
@@ -133,12 +134,12 @@ class Pacman(LazyLogging):
         with self.repository_paths.preserve_owner():
             shutil.copy(src, dst)
 
-    def database_init(self, handle: Handle, repository: str, architecture: str) -> DB:
+    def database_init(self, handle: PacmanHandle, repository: str, architecture: str) -> DB:
         """
         create database instance from pacman handler and set its properties
 
         Args:
-            handle(Handle): pacman handle which will be used for database initializing
+            handle(PacmanHandle): pacman handle which will be used for database initializing
             repository(str): pacman repository name (e.g. core)
             architecture(str): repository architecture
 
@@ -164,12 +165,12 @@ class Pacman(LazyLogging):
 
         return database
 
-    def database_sync(self, handle: Handle, *, force: bool) -> None:
+    def database_sync(self, handle: PacmanHandle, *, force: bool) -> None:
         """
         sync local database
 
         Args:
-            handle(Handle): pacman handle which will be used for database sync
+            handle(PacmanHandle): pacman handle which will be used for database sync
             force(bool): force database synchronization (same as ``pacman -Syy``)
         """
         self.logger.info("refresh ahriman's home pacman database (force refresh %s)", force)

src/ahriman/core/database/migrations/m005_make_opt_depends.py

@@ -19,11 +19,9 @@
 #
 from sqlite3 import Connection
 
-from ahriman.core.alpm.pacman import Pacman
 from ahriman.core.configuration import Configuration
 from ahriman.core.utils import package_like
 from ahriman.models.package import Package
-from ahriman.models.pacman_synchronization import PacmanSynchronization
 
 
 __all__ = ["migrate_data", "steps"]
@@ -61,12 +59,9 @@ def migrate_package_depends(connection: Connection, configuration: Configuration
     if not configuration.repository_paths.repository.is_dir():
         return
 
-    _, repository_id = configuration.check_loaded()
-    pacman = Pacman(repository_id, configuration, refresh_database=PacmanSynchronization.Disabled)
-
     package_list = []
     for full_path in filter(package_like, configuration.repository_paths.repository.iterdir()):
-        base = Package.from_archive(full_path, pacman)
+        base = Package.from_archive(full_path)
         for package, description in base.packages.items():
             package_list.append({
                 "make_depends": description.make_depends,

src/ahriman/core/database/migrations/m007_check_depends.py

@@ -19,11 +19,9 @@
 #
 from sqlite3 import Connection
 
-from ahriman.core.alpm.pacman import Pacman
 from ahriman.core.configuration import Configuration
 from ahriman.core.utils import package_like
 from ahriman.models.package import Package
-from ahriman.models.pacman_synchronization import PacmanSynchronization
 
 
 __all__ = ["migrate_data", "steps"]
@@ -58,12 +56,9 @@ def migrate_package_check_depends(connection: Connection, configuration: Configu
     if not configuration.repository_paths.repository.is_dir():
         return
 
-    _, repository_id = configuration.check_loaded()
-    pacman = Pacman(repository_id, configuration, refresh_database=PacmanSynchronization.Disabled)
-
     package_list = []
     for full_path in filter(package_like, configuration.repository_paths.repository.iterdir()):
-        base = Package.from_archive(full_path, pacman)
+        base = Package.from_archive(full_path)
         for package, description in base.packages.items():
             package_list.append({
                 "check_depends": description.check_depends,

src/ahriman/core/database/migrations/m008_packagers.py

@@ -19,11 +19,9 @@
 #
 from sqlite3 import Connection
 
-from ahriman.core.alpm.pacman import Pacman
 from ahriman.core.configuration import Configuration
 from ahriman.core.utils import package_like
 from ahriman.models.package import Package
-from ahriman.models.pacman_synchronization import PacmanSynchronization
 
 
 __all__ = ["migrate_data", "steps"]
@@ -64,12 +62,9 @@ def migrate_package_base_packager(connection: Connection, configuration: Configu
     if not configuration.repository_paths.repository.is_dir():
         return
 
-    _, repository_id = configuration.check_loaded()
-    pacman = Pacman(repository_id, configuration, refresh_database=PacmanSynchronization.Disabled)
-
     package_list = []
     for full_path in filter(package_like, configuration.repository_paths.repository.iterdir()):
-        package = Package.from_archive(full_path, pacman)
+        package = Package.from_archive(full_path)
         package_list.append({
             "package_base": package.base,
             "packager": package.packager,

src/ahriman/core/database/migrations/m016_archive.py

@@ -20,13 +20,11 @@
 from dataclasses import replace
 from sqlite3 import Connection
 
-from ahriman.core.alpm.pacman import Pacman
 from ahriman.core.configuration import Configuration
 from ahriman.core.repository import Explorer
 from ahriman.core.sign.gpg import GPG
 from ahriman.core.utils import atomic_move, package_like, symlink_relative
 from ahriman.models.package import Package
-from ahriman.models.pacman_synchronization import PacmanSynchronization
 from ahriman.models.repository_paths import RepositoryPaths
 
 
@@ -45,29 +43,27 @@ def migrate_data(connection: Connection, configuration: Configuration) -> None:
 
     for repository_id in Explorer.repositories_extract(configuration):
         paths = replace(configuration.repository_paths, repository_id=repository_id)
-        pacman = Pacman(repository_id, configuration, refresh_database=PacmanSynchronization.Disabled)
 
         # create archive directory if required
         if not paths.archive.is_dir():
             with paths.preserve_owner():
                 paths.archive.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True)
 
-        move_packages(paths, pacman)
+        move_packages(paths)
 
 
-def move_packages(repository_paths: RepositoryPaths, pacman: Pacman) -> None:
+def move_packages(repository_paths: RepositoryPaths) -> None:
     """
     move packages from repository to archive and create symbolic links
 
     Args:
         repository_paths(RepositoryPaths): repository paths instance
-        pacman(Pacman): alpm wrapper instance
     """
     for archive in filter(package_like, repository_paths.repository.iterdir()):
         if not archive.is_file(follow_symlinks=False):
             continue  # skip symbolic links if any
 
-        package = Package.from_archive(archive, pacman)
+        package = Package.from_archive(archive)
         artifacts = [archive]
         # check if there are signatures for this package and append it here too
         if (signature := GPG.signature(archive)).exists():

src/ahriman/core/repository/executor.py

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class Executor(PackageInfo, Cleaner):
 
         for path in filter(package_like, archive.iterdir()):
             # check if package version is the same
-            built = Package.from_archive(path, self.pacman)
+            built = Package.from_archive(path)
             if built.version != package.version:
                 continue
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class Executor(PackageInfo, Cleaner):
         else:
             built = task.build(path, PACKAGER=packager)
 
-        package.with_packages(built, self.pacman)
+        package.with_packages(built)
         for src in built:
             dst = self.paths.packages / src.name
             atomic_move(src, dst)

src/ahriman/core/repository/package_info.py

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class PackageInfo(RepositoryProperties):
         # we are iterating over bases, not single packages
         for full_path in packages:
             try:
-                local = Package.from_archive(full_path, self.pacman)
+                local = Package.from_archive(full_path)
                 if (source := sources.get(local.base)) is not None:  # update source with remote
                     local.remote = source
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class PackageInfo(RepositoryProperties):
         packages: dict[tuple[str, str], Package] = {}
         # we can't use here load_archives, because it ignores versions
         for full_path in filter(package_like, self.paths.archive_for(package_base).iterdir()):
-            local = Package.from_archive(full_path, self.pacman)
+            local = Package.from_archive(full_path)
             packages.setdefault((local.base, local.version), local).packages.update(local.packages)
 
         comparator: Callable[[Package, Package], int] = lambda left, right: left.vercmp(right.version)

src/ahriman/models/package.py

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ from ahriman.core.log import LazyLogging
 from ahriman.core.utils import dataclass_view, full_version, list_flatmap, parse_version, srcinfo_property_list
 from ahriman.models.package_description import PackageDescription
 from ahriman.models.package_source import PackageSource
+from ahriman.models.pacman_handle import PacmanHandle
 from ahriman.models.pkgbuild import Pkgbuild
 from ahriman.models.remote_source import RemoteSource
 
@@ -186,18 +187,17 @@ class Package(LazyLogging):
         return sorted(packages)
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_archive(cls, path: Path, pacman: Pacman) -> Self:
+    def from_archive(cls, path: Path) -> Self:
         """
         construct package properties from package archive
 
         Args:
             path(Path): path to package archive
-            pacman(Pacman): alpm wrapper instance
 
         Returns:
             Self: package properties
         """
-        package = pacman.handle.load_pkg(str(path))
+        package = PacmanHandle.ephemeral().package_load(path)
         description = PackageDescription.from_package(package, path)
         return cls(
             base=package.base or package.name,
@@ -400,17 +400,16 @@ class Package(LazyLogging):
         """
         return dataclass_view(self)
 
-    def with_packages(self, packages: Iterable[Path], pacman: Pacman) -> None:
+    def with_packages(self, packages: Iterable[Path]) -> None:
         """
         replace packages descriptions with ones from archives
 
         Args:
             packages(Iterable[Path]): paths to package archives
-            pacman(Pacman): alpm wrapper instance
         """
         self.packages = {}  # reset state
         for package in packages:
-            archive = self.from_archive(package, pacman)
+            archive = self.from_archive(package)
             if archive.base != self.base:
                 continue
 

src/ahriman/models/pacman_handle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2021-2026 ahriman team.
+#
+# This file is part of ahriman
+# (see https://github.com/arcan1s/ahriman).
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+from pathlib import Path
+from pyalpm import Handle, Package  # type: ignore[import-not-found]
+from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
+from typing import Any, ClassVar, Self
+
+
+class PacmanHandle:
+    """
+    lightweight wrapper for pacman handle to be used for direct alpm operations (e.g. package load)
+
+    Attributes:
+        handle(Handle): pyalpm handle instance
+    """
+
+    _ephemeral: ClassVar[Self | None] = None
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        """
+        Args:
+            *args(Any): positional arguments for :class:`pyalpm.Handle`
+            **kwargs(Any): keyword arguments for :class:`pyalpm.Handle`
+        """
+        self.handle = Handle(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def ephemeral(cls) -> Self:
+        """
+        create temporary instance with no access to real databases
+
+        Returns:
+            Self: loaded class
+        """
+        if cls._ephemeral is None:
+            # handle creates alpm version file, but we don't use it
+            # so it is ok to just remove it
+            with TemporaryDirectory(ignore_cleanup_errors=True) as dir_name:
+                cls._ephemeral = cls("/", dir_name)
+        return cls._ephemeral
+
+    def package_load(self, path: Path) -> Package:
+        """
+        load package from path to the archive
+
+        Args:
+            path(Path): path to package archive
+
+        Returns:
+            Package: package instance
+        """
+        return self.handle.load_pkg(str(path))
+
+    def __getattr__(self, item: str) -> Any:
+        """
+        proxy methods for :class:`pyalpm.Handle`, because it doesn't allow subclassing
+
+        Args:
+            item(str): property name
+
+        Returns:
+            Any: attribute by its name
+        """
+        return self.handle.__getattribute__(item)

tests/ahriman/core/database/migrations/test_m005_make_opt_depends.py

@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ def test_migrate_package_depends(connection: Connection, configuration: Configur
     package_mock = mocker.patch("ahriman.models.package.Package.from_archive", return_value=package_ahriman)
 
     migrate_package_depends(connection, configuration)
-    package_mock.assert_called_once_with(
+    package_mock.assert_called_once_with(package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].filepath)
-        package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].filepath, pytest.helpers.anyvar(int))
     connection.executemany.assert_called_once_with(pytest.helpers.anyvar(str, strict=True), [{
         "make_depends": package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].make_depends,
         "opt_depends": package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].opt_depends,

tests/ahriman/core/database/migrations/test_m007_check_depends.py

@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ def test_migrate_package_depends(connection: Connection, configuration: Configur
     package_mock = mocker.patch("ahriman.models.package.Package.from_archive", return_value=package_ahriman)
 
     migrate_package_check_depends(connection, configuration)
-    package_mock.assert_called_once_with(
+    package_mock.assert_called_once_with(package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].filepath)
-        package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].filepath, pytest.helpers.anyvar(int))
     connection.executemany.assert_called_once_with(pytest.helpers.anyvar(str, strict=True), [{
         "check_depends": package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].check_depends,
         "package": package_ahriman.base,

tests/ahriman/core/database/migrations/test_m008_packagers.py

@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ def test_migrate_package_base_packager(connection: Connection, configuration: Co
     package_mock = mocker.patch("ahriman.models.package.Package.from_archive", return_value=package_ahriman)
 
     migrate_package_base_packager(connection, configuration)
-    package_mock.assert_called_once_with(
+    package_mock.assert_called_once_with(package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].filepath)
-        package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].filepath, pytest.helpers.anyvar(int))
     connection.executemany.assert_called_once_with(pytest.helpers.anyvar(str, strict=True), [{
         "package_base": package_ahriman.base,
         "packager": package_ahriman.packager,

tests/ahriman/core/database/migrations/test_m016_archive.py

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ from sqlite3 import Connection
 from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import call as MockCall
 
-from ahriman.core.alpm.pacman import Pacman
 from ahriman.core.configuration import Configuration
 from ahriman.core.database.migrations.m016_archive import migrate_data, move_packages
 from ahriman.models.package import Package
@@ -28,12 +27,12 @@ def test_migrate_data(connection: Connection, configuration: Configuration, mock
 
     migrate_data(connection, configuration)
     migration_mock.assert_has_calls([
-        MockCall(replace(configuration.repository_paths, repository_id=repository), pytest.helpers.anyvar(int))
+        MockCall(replace(configuration.repository_paths, repository_id=repository))
         for repository in repositories
     ])
 
 
-def test_move_packages(repository_paths: RepositoryPaths, pacman: Pacman, package_ahriman: Package,
+def test_move_packages(repository_paths: RepositoryPaths, package_ahriman: Package,
                        mocker: MockerFixture) -> None:
     """
     must move packages to the archive directory
@@ -57,9 +56,9 @@ def test_move_packages(repository_paths: RepositoryPaths, pacman: Pacman, packag
     move_mock = mocker.patch("ahriman.core.database.migrations.m016_archive.atomic_move")
     symlink_mock = mocker.patch("pathlib.Path.symlink_to")
 
-    move_packages(repository_paths, pacman)
+    move_packages(repository_paths)
     archive_mock.assert_has_calls([
-        MockCall(repository_paths.repository / filename, pacman)
+        MockCall(repository_paths.repository / filename)
         for filename in ("file.pkg.tar.xz", "file2.pkg.tar.xz")
     ])
     move_mock.assert_has_calls([

tests/ahriman/core/repository/test_executor.py

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ def test_package_build(executor: Executor, package_ahriman: Package, mocker: Moc
     init_mock.assert_called_once_with(pytest.helpers.anyvar(int), pytest.helpers.anyvar(int), None)
     package_mock.assert_called_once_with(Path("local"), executor.architecture, None)
     lookup_mock.assert_called_once_with(package_ahriman)
-    with_packages_mock.assert_called_once_with([Path(package_ahriman.base)], executor.pacman)
+    with_packages_mock.assert_called_once_with([Path(package_ahriman.base)])
     rename_mock.assert_called_once_with(Path(package_ahriman.base), executor.paths.packages / package_ahriman.base)
 
 

tests/ahriman/models/conftest.py

@@ -89,22 +89,6 @@ def pkgbuild_ahriman(resource_path_root: Path) -> Pkgbuild:
     return Pkgbuild.from_file(pkgbuild)
 
 
-@pytest.fixture
-def pyalpm_handle(pyalpm_package_ahriman: MagicMock) -> MagicMock:
-    """
-    mock object for pyalpm
-
-    Args:
-        pyalpm_package_ahriman(MagicMock): mock object for pyalpm package
-
-    Returns:
-        MagicMock: pyalpm mock
-    """
-    mock = MagicMock()
-    mock.handle.load_pkg.return_value = pyalpm_package_ahriman
-    return mock
-
-
 @pytest.fixture
 def pyalpm_package_description_ahriman(package_description_ahriman: PackageDescription) -> MagicMock:
     """

tests/ahriman/models/test_package.py

@@ -148,13 +148,14 @@ def test_packages_full(package_ahriman: Package) -> None:
     assert package_ahriman.packages_full == [package_ahriman.base, f"{package_ahriman.base}-git"]
 
 
-def test_from_archive(package_ahriman: Package, pyalpm_handle: MagicMock, mocker: MockerFixture) -> None:
+def test_from_archive(package_ahriman: Package, pyalpm_package_ahriman: MagicMock, mocker: MockerFixture) -> None:
     """
     must construct package from alpm library
     """
+    mocker.patch("ahriman.models.pacman_handle.PacmanHandle.package_load", return_value=pyalpm_package_ahriman)
     mocker.patch("ahriman.models.package_description.PackageDescription.from_package",
                  return_value=package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base])
-    generated = Package.from_archive(Path("path"), pyalpm_handle)
+    generated = Package.from_archive(Path("path"))
     generated.remote = package_ahriman.remote
 
     assert generated == package_ahriman
@@ -165,13 +166,12 @@ def test_from_archive_empty_base(package_ahriman: Package, pyalpm_package_ahrima
     """
     must construct package with empty base from alpm library
     """
-    pyalpm_handle = MagicMock()
     type(pyalpm_package_ahriman).base = PropertyMock(return_value=None)
-    pyalpm_handle.handle.load_pkg.return_value = pyalpm_package_ahriman
+    mocker.patch("ahriman.models.pacman_handle.PacmanHandle.package_load", return_value=pyalpm_package_ahriman)
 
     mocker.patch("ahriman.models.package_description.PackageDescription.from_package",
                  return_value=package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base])
-    generated = Package.from_archive(Path("path"), pyalpm_handle)
+    generated = Package.from_archive(Path("path"))
     generated.remote = package_ahriman.remote
 
     assert generated == package_ahriman
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ def test_vercmp(package_ahriman: Package, mocker: MockerFixture) -> None:
     vercmp_mock.assert_called_once_with(package_ahriman.version, "version")
 
 
-def test_with_packages(package_ahriman: Package, package_python_schedule: Package, pacman: Pacman,
+def test_with_packages(package_ahriman: Package, package_python_schedule: Package,
                        mocker: MockerFixture) -> None:
     """
     must correctly replace packages descriptions
@@ -375,8 +375,8 @@ def test_with_packages(package_ahriman: Package, package_python_schedule: Packag
     result = copy.deepcopy(package_ahriman)
     package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base].architecture = "i686"
 
-    result.with_packages(paths, pacman)
+    result.with_packages(paths)
     from_archive_mock.assert_has_calls([
-        MockCall(path, pacman) for path in paths
+        MockCall(path) for path in paths
     ])
     assert result.packages[result.base] == package_ahriman.packages[package_ahriman.base]

tests/ahriman/models/test_pacman_handle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import pytest
+
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+
+from ahriman.models.pacman_handle import PacmanHandle
+
+
+def test_package_load() -> None:
+    """
+    must load package from archive path
+    """
+    local = Path("local")
+    instance = PacmanHandle.ephemeral()
+    handle_mock = instance.handle = MagicMock()
+
+    instance.package_load(local)
+    handle_mock.load_pkg.assert_called_once_with(str(local))
+
+    PacmanHandle._ephemeral = None
+
+
+def test_getattr() -> None:
+    """
+    must proxy attribute access to underlying handle
+    """
+    instance = PacmanHandle.ephemeral()
+    assert instance.dbpath
+
+
+def test_getattr_not_found() -> None:
+    """
+    must raise AttributeError for missing handle attributes
+    """
+    instance = PacmanHandle.ephemeral()
+    with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
+        assert instance.random_attribute